A Web- Based Management Information System for National Health Insurance Scheme
A Web- Based Management Information System for National Health Insurance Scheme.
ABSTRACT
A web-based information management system for national health insurance scheme(NHIS) will assist the body to have an online registration of people, health maintenance organizations (HMOs), accredited heath care providers, etc.
Looking at the Nigerian population, access to health insurance is denied to a certain category of people as a result of not being a government worker or not privileged to be duly informed on the operation of the scheme and how to enroll Knowing that Health insurance is a social security system that guarantees the provision of needed health services to persons on the payment of token contribution at regular intervals.
The scheme (NHIS) is established under the Act 35 of 1999 by the federal Government of Nigeria to improve the health of all Nigerians at affordable cost. The Act also establishes the general rules and guidelines for the operation of the scheme.
The methodology used in designing this system is called web engineering process model and will be implemented using PHP-MySql. The significance of this system to NHIS is for availability of the customer data, HMOs and their proper management through an online application.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title Page – – – – – – – – – – i
Approval page – – – – – – – – – ii
Certification – – – – – – – – – iii
DECLARATION – – – – – – – – – iv
Dedication – – – – – – – – – v
Acknowledgement – – – – – – – – vi
Abstract – – – – – – – – – – vii
Table of Content – – – – – – – – viii
1.1 Background of the Study – – – – – – 1
1.2 Statement of Problem- – – – – – – 4
1.3 Objectives of the Study – – – – – – 5
1.4 Significance of the Study – – – – – – 6
1.5 1.5 Scope of the Study – – – – – – 7
1.6 1.6 Limitations of Study- – – – – – – 8
CHAPTER TWO
2.1 Review of Health Insurance Scheme – – – – 9
2.2 History and Evolution of Health Insurance – – 10
2.2.1 Historical Overview of NHIS in Nigeria – – – 12
2.3 Overview of e-Health – – – – – – – 15
2.4 ICT in Health Service Delivery – – – – – 20
2.4.1Old technologies – – – – – – – 21
2.4.2New and convergent technologies – – – – 22
2.4.3Health research – – – – – – – 22
2.4.4Community-based health – – – – – – 23
2.4.5Telemedicine – – – – – – – – 24
2.4.6E-learning – – – – – – – – 25
2.5 Important Landmarks of ICT in Health Services – 26
2.5.1Information and knowledge management – – – 27
2.5.2Health management information systems – – – 28
2.5.3Health campaigns – – – – – – – 30
2.6 Health care delivery system in United Kingdom (UK) – 31
2.7 Some common Internet protocols – – – – 33
CHAPTER THREE
3.1 Fact Finding Methods – – – – – – 35
3.1.1Primary Sources – – – – – – – 35
3.1.2Secondary Sources – – – – – – – 36
3.1.3Tertiary Source – – – – – – – – 37
3.2 Analysis of Existing System- – – – – – 37
3.2.1Organizational Structure of NHIS – – – – 37
3.2.1.1 Government – – – – – – – 38
3.2.1.2 Employees – – – – – – – 38
3.2.1.3 Employers – – – – – – – 38
3.2.1.4 Other Contributors – – – – – – 39
3.2.1.5 Health Maintenance Organizations – – – 39
3.2.1.6 Board of Trustees (BOTs) – – – – – 40
3.2.1.7 Healthcare Providers – – – – – – 40
3.2.1.8 Other Stakeholders – – – – – – 42
3.2.2NHIS Registration Procedure – – – – – 44
3.2.2.1 Input Process – – – – – – – 44
3.3 Limitations of the Existing System – – – – 46
3.4 Proposed Solution to the Problems of the Existing system – – – – – – – 46
3.5 Web Engineering process Model – – – – – 47
3.5.1 FORMULATION – – – – – – – 48
3.5.2 PLANNING – – – – – – – – 50
3.5.2.1 INDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT RISKS – – 50
3.5.2.2PROJECTSCHEDULING – – – – – – 52
3.2.2.3 COST ESTIMATION – – – – – – 55
3.6 Analysis – – – – – – – – – 58
3.6.1 Content Analysis – – – – – – – 58
3.6.2 Interaction Analysis – – – – – – – 59
3.6.3 Configuration Analysis – – – – – – 61
3.7 The New System design – – – – – – 61
3.7.1Design and Development of the System – – – 61
3.7.2 Functional Diagram – – – – – – – 62
3.7.3Data Flow Diagram – – – – – – – 63
3.7.4 Context diagram – – – – – – – 64
3.7.4.1 DFD level 0 for HMO Registration – – – – 65
3.7.4.2 DFD level 0 for HSP Registration – – – – 66
3.7.4.3 DFD level 0 for Enrollee Registration – – – 67
3.8 Database Design – – – – – – – – 68
3.8.1 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERDM) – – – 68
3.8.2 Designing the ERD – – – – – – – 69
4.6.3 Entity Relationship Diagram – – – – – 70
3.9 Some Models of Data Design – – – – – 72
3.9.1 Conceptual Model of Data – – – – – 72
3.9.2 Logical Data Model – – – – – – – 74
3.9.3 Data Dictionary – – – – – – – 75
3.9.4 Physical Data Model (PDM) – – – – – 77
3.10 TESTING AND PAGE GENERATION – – – – 80
3.10.1 Introduction – – – – – – – 80
3.10.2 Unit testing – – – – – – – – 80
3.10.3 Integration testing – – – – – – – 81
3.10.4 Validation testing – – – – – – – 82
3.10.5 Black Box testing – – – – – – – 82
3.10.6 Page Generation – – – – – – – 83
3.11 Customer Evaluation/Packaging and Submission of Project – 83
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1 Functional Versus Non – Requirements – – – 84
4.2 User Requirements Specifications – – – – 85
4.3 System Implementation – – – – – – 85
4.3.1 Implementation and testing overview – – – 85
4.3.2 System implementation – – – – – – 86
4.3.3 Description of tools used – – – – – – 86
4.3.3.1 Wamp Server- – – – – – – – 86
4.3.3.2 HTML – – – – – – – – – 87
4.3.2.3 Macromedia Dreamweaver – – – – – 87
4.3.3.4 MySQL – – – – – – – – – 87
4.3.3.5 Apache – – – – – – – – – 88
4.3.3.6 PhpMyAdmin – – – – – – – 88
4.3.4 Client-server Interaction – – – – – – 91
4.3.4.1 Characteristics of Clients and Servers – – – 91
4.3.4.2 The client Server Architecture – – – – 92
4.4 Some User Interface Screenshots – – – – 93
4.4.1 Home page screenshot – – – – – – 94
4.4.2Enrollee Registration Page- – – – – – 95
4.4.3 List of Accredited HMOs – – – – – – 97
4.4.4 List of Health Care Testers – – – – – 98
CHAPTER FIVE
5.1 Summary – – – – – – – – – 99
5.1.1Achievements – – – – – – – – 100
5.3 Problems Encountered – – – – – – 100
5.3 Recommendations – – – – – – – 101
6.4 Conclusion – – – – – – – – 101
References
Appendix
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Health insurance is insurance against the risk of incurring medical expenses among individuals. By estimating the overall risk of health care and health system expenses, among a targeted group, an insurer can develop a routine finance structure, such as a monthly premium or payroll tax, to ensure that money is available to pay for the health care benefits specified in the insurance agreement.
The benefit is administered by a central organization such as a government agency, private business, or not-for-profit entity.
According to the Health Insurance Association of America, health insurance is defined as “coverage that provides for the payments of benefits as a result of sickness or injury. Includes insurance for losses from accident, medical expense, disability, or accidental death and dismemberment” (Gary Caxton, 2008).
The National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) of Nigeria was established through Act 35 of 1999 to provide health insurance for 2 all Nigerians. The National Health Insurance Scheme – Millennium Development Goals/Maternal and Child Health (NHIS – MDGs/MCH) Project addresses Nigeria’s critical problem of poor access to health care services for pregnant women and children under the age of 5 (NHIS, 2014).
REFERENCES
Aderoumi A.O, “National Health Insurance scheme in Nigeria”, (www.oauife.edu.ng)
Connecting for health: Global vision, local insight Report for the World Summit on the Information Society. Country profiles, 2006 (http:/!www.who.int/kms/resources/wsis report/en!).
Dzenowagis J. World Health Organization, Geneva. 2006 (http://www.who.int/kms/resources/wsis report/en!).
Dr Dotun Adesina, News Item: THE NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME, NigerianPhysician.com, April, 2009. (http:/!thenigeriandoctor.org/news.php?extend.850). “Encarta: Health Insurance”. Archived from the original on 31st October, 2009.
EoinOFiachain,(www.owenfeehan.com/teachin2/ct216/pdf/ct2l6 tutoriat3), January 20th 2014, 6:27 am). Health Insurance Association of America, Fundamentals of Health Insurance: Part A, 1997.
Flick, U. The Sage Qualitative Research Kit. London: Sage, 2007.
Gary Caxton, Institution for Health Care Research and Policy, Georgetown University, on behalf of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation., 2008.
Gary Caxton, How Private Insurance Works: A Primer by Gary Caxton,
