Assessing Participatory Research For Effective Design Of Health Communication
Assessing Participatory Research For Effective Design Of Health Communication.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this research is to determine the levels of participation in all the stages of the production of the radio program Flava.
Health interventions are beginning to incorporate the use of audience participation in their research process although for some, participation is just a talk rather than a walk.
The major objectives of this thesis are to assess participatory research in health interventions for effective communication and behaviour change; determine the extent to which the audience is involved in the research process of the radio programme Flava and establish how the participatory approach to research in the production of Flava can be used in radio programming.
Flavatried to use participatory approaches in every aspect of production therefore this work attempts to look at how well the audience was involved and its corresponding effect in the overall output of the program.
It also tried to find gaps in their research approaches and proffer solutions to the processes of health communication and research.
The findings of this research imply that participation is key in any health intervention although it is hardly possible to involve all stakeholders in a community of a diverse nature.
Young people who participate in any behaviour change intervention are more likely to change their behaviour rather than those who do not or who have no opportunity to participate.
The recommendations revolve around empowerment of health communicators with expertise and skills to help them communicate better and more effectively.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION ii
CERTIFICATION……. iii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS …….. iv
ABSTRACT …….. v
CHAPTER ONE ……. 1
1.0 Background of Study ….. 1
1.1 Participatory Research ……… 7
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem . 11
1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study ………. 12
1.5 Scope of the Study …. 14
CHAPTER TWO ………….. 16
2.0 Introduction … 16
2.1 Health Communication in Relation to Participatory Research . 16
2.1.1 Changing Audiences ………….. 27
2.1.2 Changing Channels of Communication …… 27
2.1.3 Changing Behavioural patterns in Communication through Entertainment ….. 28
2.1.4 Changing Values and Mandates ….. 28
2.1.5 Changing Organization Structures …….. 28
2.1.6 Changing Political Environment and Resources … 29
2.2 Health Communication in Radio …………. 29
2.3 Theoretical Framework …… 33
2.3.1 The Participatory Communication Theory …. 33
2.3.2 The Behaviour Change Model …….. 35
2.3.3 Steps to the Behaviour Change Model ……. 35
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Introduction …………. 37
3.1 Research Design …… 37
3.2 Research Method ……… 38
3.3 Sample population …. 38
3.4 Data Collection tools ……. 39
3.4.1 Observation Method … 39
3.4.2 Interview Method …… 41
3.4.3 Focus Group Discussion (FGD). 42
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0. Introduction ..44
4.1 Background of Flava…… 44
4.3 Baseline Research at Pre-Production Stage of Flava.. 46
4.4 Production Stage of Flava…. 49
4.4.1Format A (Presenter and Respondents Interaction) …… 50
4.4.2 Format B (Interview with Celebrity Guest Artistes) …….. 53
4.4.3 Format C (During a meeting in Millennium Park, Abuja) ….. 56
4.4.4 Format D (Feedback Mechanism) . 59
4.4.5 Format E (Mogadishu Barracks) ………. 62
4.5 Post-Production stage of Flava ……. 66
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Introduction ……. 71
5.1 Summary ..71
5.2 Key Findings …… 74
5.3 Recommendations …….. 76
5.4 Conclusion … 77
REFERENCES ……….. 79
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
The concept of communication as an effective change tool for development has evolved over the last three decades. The conceptual framework for communication has since expanded considerably.
The key elements of development communication for social change emphasize audience participation both as a social and an individual process (Baylis and Smith, 2001).
The end of World War II brought about drastic changes to economic systems around the world.
The United States of America pushed for the creation of a group of governmental and non-governmental institutions tied innately to it in order to stop poverty, hunger and disease in the third world while fostering development and growth (Baylis and Smith, 2001).
REFERENCES
Agbonika, H. (2011). “Communicating Health in a Virtual World: Radio as a Stage”. A Seminar paper presented to the Centre of Excellence on Development Communication, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Anonymous (1982).Participatory Research an Introduction. Society for Participatory Research in Asia.
Anyanti, J. et als (2008). Evaluation of a Radio Drama on HIV Prevention: Some Evidence from Nigeria. International AIDS Society, IAS. Accessed on 25/01/2014 Babbie,
E. and Mouton, J. (2001).The Practice of Social Research. Oxford University Press: Cape Town Bandura, A. (2004). Self-Efficacy in V.S Ranachaudran (ed.) Encyclopaedia of Human Behaviour. New York Academic Press. Baylis, A. and Smith, (2001).The Globalization of World Politics, second edition: Oxford University Press, New York.
Blaxter, L et al.(2006) How to Research. Fourth Edition. Open University Press, New York. Carey, J.W (1985). Communication as culture: essays on media and society. Winchester, MA: Unwin Hyman; Chambers, R (2003). Reflections on PRA Experience in Cornwall, A and
Garett P. eds. Pathways to Participation. ITDG publishing: London. Chambers, R. (2002). Participatory Workshops. Earth Scans Publication: London, Ltd.
Cohen, J & Uphoff, N. (1977). Rural Development Participation: concepts and measures for project design, implementation and evaluation. Ithaka: Cornell University. Cornwall, A. and Jewkes R. (1995) What is Participatory Research. London England.
