Assessing The Contribution of Nongovernmental Organisations (Ngos) On Human Development In Bauchi And Gombe States, Nigeria
Assessing The Contribution of Nongovernmental Organisations (Ngos) On Human Development In Bauchi And Gombe States, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
NGOs all over the world have b een recognized as part of the institutions that complement government activities in p roviding services to the people .
For so many decades, the NGOs have been operating side by side with the Nigeria n G o v e r n m e n t wit h a vie w t o im p r o v e H u m a n D e v elo p m e n t in co untry.
D e s pit e t h e t r e m e n d o u s e ff o r t s b y b o t h t h e N G O s a n d the Government, the level of human development in Bauchi and Gombe States is still low.
The central focus of this study was to examine the role played by the NGOs in human development in Bauchi and Gombe States, Nigeria , between 2003 and 2014, with t he special emphasis on reproductive health, access to education and income generation role of the selected NGOs.
B ein g a s u r v e y r e s e a r c h , d a t a w e r e g e n er a t e d f r o m b o t h p rim a r y a n d secondary sources with questionnaires and interviews as the instruments for generating the primary data, while t he secondary data used in this study include ; information regarding the various programmes and projects undertaken by the NGOs under study, official publications of the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Nation al Planning Commission (NPC),
United Nations Reports, and scholarly articles, text books, unpublished research materials, Websites and other related materials.
The study revealed that , the NGO s under study rendered services in the areas of health, educatio n a n d in c o m e g e n e r a tio n a n d m a d e sig nific a n t im p r o v e m e n t o n human development in the study area.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Declaration ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgement v
Abstract vii
Table of Contents viii
List of Diagrams xii
List of Appendices xiii
Lists of Abbreviations xiv
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem 4 1.3 Research Questions 7 1.4 Objectives of the Study 7 1.5 Hypotheses Tested 8 1.6 Significance of the Study 8 1.7. Scope of the Study 10
1.8 Limitations of the Study 12 1.9 Definitions of Terms 12
CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Introduction 16
2.2 Literature Review 16
2.2.1 The Concept of Development 16
2.2.2 The Concept and Nature of Human Development 20
2.2.3 Trend of Human Development in Nigeria 25
2.3.1 The Concept of NGOs 28
2.3.2 NGOs‘ Goals and Motives 34
2.3.3 Problems and Limitations of NGOS 36
2.3.4 Origin and Development of NGOs in Africa 39
2.3.5 General Characteristics of NGO 42
2.3.6 Typology of NGOs 45
2.3.7 The Roles and Relevance of NGOs in Development 49
2.4 Review of Empirical Studies 63
2.5 Theoretical Framework 66
CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 73
3.2 Research Design 73
3.2 Sources and Methods of Data Collection 74
3.3 Population and Sample Size 77
3.4 Sampling Techniques 79
3.5 Method of Data Analysis 79
CHAPTER FOUR HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE CASE STUDY ORGANIZATIONS
4.1 Introduction 80
4.2 Brief on Case Study states 80
4.3 Development Exchange Centre 84
4.4 Rahama Women Development Programme 90
4.5 Doma Education Development Foundation 94
CHAPTER FIVE DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
5.1 Introduction 99
5.2 Rare of Questionnaire Returned 99
5.4.10 Test of Hypothesis I 120
5.5.8 Test of Hypothesis II 132
5.6.4 Test of Hypothesis III 140
5.7 Major Findings 143
CHAPTER SIX SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
6.1 Introduction 145
6.2 Summary 145
6.3 Conclusion 147
6.4 Recommendations 148
6.4 BIBLIOGRAPHY 150
6.5 APPENDICES 164
INTRODUCTION
Background to the Study
Human development in recent times has been an area of concern to most countries around the globe especially the developing countries. It is central to the attainment of a nation‘s development, thus adequate investment in human development, which involves the provision healthcare, education, skill, income as well as general improvement in choices and capacities of people in a given country is required.
Scholars of Development (Ovenseri – Ogbomo, 2006, Essien, 2000, Becker 1993; and Thirdwall, 1986) are clear on the assertion that to achieve economic growth and development in any nation, human development must be made the focal point of a development programme.
Rivseeds Draft Document (2004), puts it as: ―The most important factor in social and economic development is the human resources, for people constitute the ultimate ends of development as well as the primary agents of development.
Miachi, (2006) submits that: ―There is a significant relation between economic prosperity and level of human development.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Abasiekong E. M. (1982), I n t e g r a t e d R u r al D e v elo p m e n t in t h e T hir d W o rld , Exposition Press, New York. Abdul-Raheem, T. (2000), Foreign NGOs: Are they the right answer for Africa ?, The New Internationalist.
Abed, G. T. and Gupta, S. (2002), Economic of Corruption: A n O v e r vie w , Gov e r n a n c e , C o r r u p tio n , E c o n o mic P e r f o r m a n c e , Washington D.C., International Monetary Fund.
Affairs Vol. XIV, No 1. Ahmed, Shamima and David Potter. 2006. NGOs in International Politics . Kumarian Ahmed, Shamima and David Potter. 2006. NGOs in International Politics .
Kumarian Press Inc. Aina T. A. (1990) ” U n d e r s t a n din g t h e R ole o f C o m m u nit y O r g a niz a tio n s in Environmental and Urban Contexts ” in Environment and Urbanization2, 1, 36.
Akpan W. (2006): Between responsibility and rhetoric : some consequences of CSR practice in Nigeria‘s oil province. Development Southern Africa, Vol 23, No2.
Aremo J. A. (1983) ” Popular Participation in Rural Development ” in CERES.16,3,15. Asamoah, Y. (2003), N G O s‘ S o cial D e v elo p m e n t a n d S u s t ain a bilit y , Foreign Aid Rating. Association of Third World Studies Inc. New York. at on 13th October, 2007.
AUSAID, (2000), P r o m o tin g P r a c tic al S u s t ain a bilit y . Quality Assurance Group, AusAid. Australian Council for International Development (2003), Policy Resolution on NGO Effectiveness, Principles and Standards. September. Ba H (1990) “Village Associations on the River-banks of Senegal: T h e N e w Development Actors” in Voices From Africa 2, 83-104.
Baccaro L ( 2001). Civil Society, NGOs, and Decent Work Policies: Sorting out the Issues. T h e Dis c u s sio n P a p e r S e rie s p r e s e n t s t h e p r elimin a r y r e s ult s o f research undertaken by the IILS in Geneva. Baneke, P (2000), N G O s‘ in E u r o p e : R ole s , V alu e s a n d C o m mit m e n t s , F o u r t h European Conference on the Integration of Refugees, Athens, 1-2 December.
