Evaluation of Vocational Training Programmes in Reformatory Institutions in Northern Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Vocational Training Programmes have been in existence in Reformatory institutions  in Northern Nigeria for atleast three decades. However, evidences abound to show that the programmes are in disorder due to absence of authentic data for decision making.

For instance, data on master list of existing trades in the reformatory institutions is not available, again tangible data that could be used to take decision on the implementation on the adequacy of qualified vocational instructors, facilities, curriculum content are lacking.

Data on how governments/non-governmental organizations do contribute to the funding of the reformatory institutions is absent. The paucity of these data signifies lack of evaluation. The purpose of this study therefore, was to evaluate vocational training programmes in reformatory institutions in Northern Nigeria.

To conduct the study, six research questions and hypothesis were formulated. Evaluation research design was adopted for the study. Population for the study  was  254.  Observational  checklist  and  questionnaire  were  the instruments used  to collect  data pertinent  to the study.

Frequencies,  percentages and mean (X) were used to answer the six research questions. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to answer the hypothesis at .05 level of significance while Scheffe’s test was used to locate the source of difference in respect of the hypothesis tested.

The study revealed among other things that, out of 15 trades presented for analysis, 12 were available in the reformatory institutions and only three trades were commonly available. The study further revealed that, only two out of 23 vocational instructors had teaching qualifications.

On adequacy of facilities, the study revealed that  out  445 facilities,  only  17 (3.8%) were  found  adequate across  trades  in the reformatories.

Furthermore, the study indicated that curriculum of the vocational programmes were completely not adequate. On the extent of contribution to the funding of the reformatory institutions, the study indicated that only federal and state governments made great contributions.

Lastly, the study showed that 15 out of 16 factors were strategies that would improve vocational training in the reformatory institutions. Based on the findings of the study, recommendations were proffered.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE ………….. i
APPROVAL PAGE ………… ii
CERTIFICATION ……………. iii
DEDICATION ……………… iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …….. v
TABLE OF CONTENT ………. vii
LIST OF TABLES…. xi
ABSTRACT ……………………….. xiii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study ………….. 1
Statement of the Problem ………. 6
Purpose of the Study ………………. 7
Significance of the Study …… 8
Research Questions ……… 9
Hypothesis ………. 9
Delimitations of the Study ………. 10
Assumptions of the Study …… 10

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Theoretical Framework of the Study …………..…. 11
Conceptual Framework ………………… 16
Correctional Institutions in Nigeria ……. 16
Vocational Education and Training in Correctional Institutions …………… 21
Evaluation of Vocational Training programmes in Reformatory Institutions  26
Qualifications for Teaching of Vocational Programmes in Reformatory Institutions …… 30
Training Facilities for Vocational Training in Reformatory Institutions ……… 34
Curriculum for Vocational Training in Reformatory Institutions ……………. 37
The Funding of Reformatory Institutions by Governments/NGOs ………….. 40
Review of Related Empirical Studies ………. 43
Summary of Review of Related Literature ……. 47

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY

Design of the Study …… 50
Area of the Study ……………. 50
Population ……………… 51
Instruments for Data Collection … 51
Validation of the Instruments ……. 52
Reliability of the Instrument ……….. 52
Method of Data Collection ….. 53
Method of Data Analysis .. 54

CHAPTER IV DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

Research Question 1 ……… 56
Research Question 2 ……… 58
Research Question 3 …………… 59
Research Question 4 ………… 82
Research Question 5 ……… 83
Research Question 6 ………… 84
Findings ……. 87
Discussion ….. 93

CHAPTER V SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Re-statement of the Problem ………. 106
Summary of Procedures Used …… 106
Summary of Findings …………. 108
Implications …… 109
Conclusion …………….. 111
Limitations …………… 112
Recommendations …….. 112
Suggestions for Further Studies ……. 114
REFERENCES ….… 115
APPENDICES ……. 126

INTRODUCTION

 1.1 Background of the Study

Lawlessness among young persons is a serious problem that bedeviled every society. Perhaps, that is why every society has its measures for dealing with those young persons with deviant behaviours.

In Nigeria, the measures taken by parents and some institutions include, counseling, frowning, warning, corporal punishment and to some extent, the more deviant ones are taken to reformatory institutions for reformation. To reform means to improve character of individual by making him to give up bad behaviours.

Legally, if a child from the age of 12 downwards, commits an offence like stealing bullying or killing of a fellow child; he is not liable to the offence.

This is so because, according to Okonkwo (2010) a child who is under the age of 12, is not responsible for any criminal act.

Okonkwo stressed that under the age of 12, a child is presumed to be incapable of committing any offence unless he provides otherwise. If a child from the age of 12 to 17 commits similar offences mentioned earlier,

e.g. stealing, killing of a fellow human being, arm robbery or exhibit any unbecoming behaviour to parents of others, his case is only treated in a juvenile court, for the fact that, he is a young person (i.e. he is not an adult).

REFERENCES

Abdullahi, S. M. (1994). Strategies for improving female participation in technical education in Kano State. Unpublished M.Ed thesis, Department of vocational teacher education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
Abdullahi, S. M. (2003). Evaluation of vocational-technical training programmes in Northern Nigeria Prison. Unpublished Ph.D thesis, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
Adaralegbe, A. (1997). A philosophy for Nigerian education. Ibadan : Heinemann Books (Nig) Ltd.
Ahire, P. T. (1987, October). Juvenile delinquency and the handling of young prisoners in Nigerian borstal institutions. Paper presented at the National Seminar of the Nigerian Prisons Service Staff College, Kakuri Kaduna.
Ahire, P. T. (2004, January). Prison congestion: the role of the judiciary, lawyers and the prisons. The reformer. Abuja: Nigeria Prisons service.

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