Vocational and Technical Education as a Tool for Addressing Youth Unemployment in Nigeria

Filed in Economics Project Topic by on October 18, 2020

Vocational and Technical Education as a Tool for Addressing Youth Unemployment in Nigeria.

ABSTRACT

Unemployment has become a major problem bedeviling the lives of Nigerian youth, causing increased militancy, violent crimes, kidnappings, unrest and socially delinquent behaviour. Youth unemployment is devastating to both the individual and the society as a whole both psychologically and economically.

This study tried to examines the issue of youth unemployment and looks at potential interventions such as effective career guidance, Vocational and Technical Education.

A number of recommendations were made which include that youths should be trained to possess skills which are congruent with real labour market demand, developing special focus on career guidance and counseling support in schools and introduction of Vocational and Technical Education into the school curriculum.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION …i
DEDICATION……..ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT … iii
ABSTRACT……………..iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS…v
LIST OF TABLES …….. viii
LIST OF FIGURES ..ix
LIST OF ACRONYMS …….x

CHAPTER ONEBACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

1.0 Introduction…1
1.1 The Nigerian Educational System.2
1.2 Youth unemployment in Nigeria…….6
1.2.1 Consequences of Unemployment……….7
1.3 Statement of the problem …….8
1.4 Objective(s) of the study …….9
1.5 Significance of the Study …9
1.6 Hypothesis of the study……10
1.7 Organization of the study.10

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 OVERVIEW OF THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY AND YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT 11
2.1 Labour Market and Employment Situation…..13
2.2 Unemployment Rate by States………….14
2.3 Unemployment Rate by Age Group……16
2.4 Unemployment rate by Gender…………16
2.5 Labour market supply of youth unemployment……17
2.6 The demand for critical skills……..17
2.7 THE GAP……..18
2.7.1 Quality deterioration is accelerating ……..18
2.7.2 Quality deterioration is of particular concern in key skill areas ……19
2.7.3 Poor quality staff produces poor quality graduates……….19
2.7.4 Social networks…………..20
2.8 GOVERNMENT RESPONSE TO YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT…20
2.9 VOCATIONAL/TECHNICAL EDUCATION AS THE MISSING LINK…..21
2.9.1 Curriculum development………22
2.9.2 Improve access to education ….23
2.9.3 Public-Private Partnership…23
2.9.4 Government should recognize and reward innovation…..24

CHAPTER THREE LITERATURE REVIEW

3.1 Theoretical literature …….25
3.2 Related Empirical Studies…….27
3.3 Types of Unemployment……….30
3.3.1 Structural Unemployment ….30
3.3.2 Frictional Unemployment ………30
3.3.3 Seasonal Unemployment……31
3.3.4 Cyclical Unemployment…….31
3.3.5 Residual Unemployment….31
3.3.6 Voluntary Unemployment……31
3.3.7 Disguised Unemployment….32
3.4 Causes of Unemployment in Nigeria ……32
3.4.1 Low Economic Growth Rate..32
3.4.2 Adoption of Untimely Economic Policy Measures ……33
3.4.3 Wrong impression about Technical and Vocational Studies …33
3.4.4 Neglect of the Agricultural Sector ..33
3.4.5 Poor Enabling Environment……34
3.4.6 Rural-Urban Migration ………34
3.4.7 Rapid Population Growth…..35
3.4.8 Education System……35
3.4.9 Gradual Collapse of Manufacturing Sector…35

CHAPTER FOUR THE METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Methodology and Source of data ……37
4.2 Presentation of Result and analysis

CHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

RECOMMENDATIONS ……47
REFERENCES…….49

INTROUCTION

Nigeria is the most populated country in Africa and the eighth in the world with a population of over 140 million people (National Population Commission, 2006).

Nigeria is the eighth largest oil producing country in the world, but it has the largest population of poor and unemployed people in sub-Saharan Africa and is ranked 158th on the human development index. There is high-income inequality, which has perpetuated the concentration of wealth of the nation in the hands of a few individuals (Action Aid Nigeria, 2009).

With a nominal GDP of $207.11 billion and per capita income of $1,401 it has the second largest economy in Africa. As remarkable as the above figures may seem youth unemployment has been one of the major problems facing the country.

REFERENCES

Abiodun, S. O. (2010); Analysis of mismatch between demand and supply of skills and university Graduate unemployment in Nigeria. Unpublished M.Ed Dissertation, Lagos State University.

Action Aid Nigeria. (2009).Country strategy paper 2009-2013: Fight poverty in the midst
of plenty 11.Action Aid Nigeria.

Adebayo, A. (1999).Youth unemployment and National Directorate of Employment and Self Employment programmes. Nigeria journal of Economics and Social Studies, 41(1)81-102.

Aiyedogbon, J. O. & Ohwofasa, B. O. (2012).Poverty and youth unemployment in Nigeria, 1987-2011. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(20), 269-279.

Akerele. W. O. (2007). Management of Technical and Vocational Education in Nigeria. Challenges of the country. Journal of Educational Administration and planning, 3(1).

Alanana, O. O. (2003).Youth unemployment in Nigeria: Some implications for the third millennium. Global Journal of Social Science, 2(1),21-26.

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