Conditional Cash Transfer Program as a Strategy for Poverty Alleviation In Nigeria
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ABSTRACT
The study analyses the effect of Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) program on poverty alleviation in Kano state with specific focus on school enrollment outcome, health attendance, poverty reduction and the challenges of the CCT program in the study area.
The stratified sampling technique was used to determine the specific local government to be drawn from each senatorial zone.
A total of 175 beneficiaries were selected out of 4500 beneficiaries using Yamane’s formula for determining sample size.
The study used structured questionnaire techniques of data collection. The data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques.
The result of the descriptive analysis was presented in frequency distribution tables and percentages; while the results of inferential analysis were estimated using chi-square test and probit regression model.
The major findings of the study show; that CCT program has improved on school enrollment in the sampled communities as well as registration to health clinics.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION…………… i
CERTIFICATION………… ii
DEDICATION………….. iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……….. iv
ABSTRACT……….. v
TABLE OF CONTENTS……….. vi
LIST OF TABLES………. ix
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS…… x
CHAPTER ONE
- INTRODUCTION………. 1
- Statement of the Research Problem……. 5
- Research Questions………… 7
- Objectives of the Study………. 7
- Statement of Research Hypotheses…….. 8
- Significance of the Study……….. 8
- Scope and Limitation of the Study………. 9
- Structure of the Work…….10
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW…. 12
- Conceptual Literature………. 12
- Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT)……….. 12
- Poverty…………. 18
- Forms of Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT), some of which are;…. 13
- Institutional Frame Work for Operation of Conditional Cash Transfer…. 20
- Causes of the Vicious Cycle of Poverty……….. 23
- Theoretical Literature………… 31
- Poverty Alleviation and Theory of Social Wellbeing……… 31
- Empirical Literature Review……….. 37
- Over View of Poverty Intervention Program in Nigeria (1999-2016)………. 37
- Relationship between Poverty and Culture……… 45
- Relationship between CCT and Poverty……….. 47
- Gap in the Literature…… 54
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY…… 55
- Introduction…………. 55
- Background to the Study Area……. 55
- Conceptual Framework……. 57
- Population…………… 60
- Sampling techniques and sample size……….. 62
- Data Collection and Source of Data……….. 63
- Analytical Techniques……………. 64
- Chi- Square Statistics………….. 64
- Probit Regression Model……. 65
Chapter Four
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS……… 67
- Introduction………. 67
- Socio-Economic Characteristics of CCT Beneficiaries…………. 67
- Demographic Characteristics of Respondents…………. 67
- Education and Health Status of the Beneficiaries…….. 69
- Conditional Cash Transfer and School Related Information……. 73
- Impact of Socio-Economic Background of Respondent to CCT: Econometric Analysis . 78
4.2 CCT, School Enrollment, Health Attendance 81
4.2.1Cross Tab/Chi-Square Analysis…………… 81
- Perception on The Extent In Which CCT Program Can Guarantee Poverty Reduction 85
- Challenges of Conditional Cash Tranfer in Kano State……… 93
CHAPTER FIVE
- SUMMARY, CONCLUTION AND RECOMMENDATIONS………. 94
- Summary……… 94
- CONCLUTION………… 95
- RECOMMENDATION……….. 96
REFERENCES……….. 97
INTRODUCTION
Poverty is an old age concept in economic literature. This concept has inundated the economic political and social climates in Nigeria.
The hydra headed Munster has been tackled by various Nigerian governments; Conditional Cash Transfers‘ (CCT) is one of those strategies‘ employed in recent time.
The conditional cash transfer program (CCTP) is a recent development in poverty alleviation strategy by the Nigerian government.
It is a program that gives cash incentive to parents to send their children to school. The program was first initiated in Mexico in 1997 when they realized the essence of building human capital for economic growth and breaking poverty circle.
Nigeria developed its own version of the Conditional Cash Transfer called ‗Project Comfort‘ in 2007.
The project was first initiated in three states Kano, Bauchi and Katsina, as a pilot to encourage enrollment in most impoverished, with the support of the Department for International Development (DFID)
REFERENCES
Adamu, A. B.( 2011). Education, Schooling and the Social Response in Kano, 1910-1985. Afolakemi, O.(2013).Kano State Introduces Free Education For All Levels .Education &Training
Agbaam, C.,& Dinbabo, M. F.(2014) .Social Grants and Poverty Reduction at the Household Level:Empirical Evidence from Ghana. Institute for Social Development, University of the Western Cape,Cape Town, South Africa E-mail: [email protected]
Aigbokhan,B.E.(2008). Growth, Inequality and Poverty in Nigeria: Prepared for United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA) Addis Ababa, Ethiopia February, 2008 ACGS/MPAMS Discussion Paper No.3
Barro, R., & Sala-i-Martin, X.( 1996. The Classical Approach to Convergence Analysis. The Economic Journal, vol. 106, no. 437.
Berry,R .( 2006). Life shocks’ tip people into hardship” The New Zealand Herald.
Bradley ,B.(2014).The Cambridge Companions to Philosophy, Religion and Culture :The Cambridge Companions to Philosophy, Religion and Culture. Cambridge University Press.
